4 hrs. per week / semester
The course will employ a variety of instructional methods to accomplish its objectives, including some of the following: lectures, seminar presentations, audio visual materials including video, small group discussions, research projects and research papers.
Students may conduct research with human participants as part of their coursework in this class. Instructors for the course are responsible for ensuring that student research projects comply with College policies on ethical conduct for research involving humans.
1. Frameworks
- Correctional Philosophies, Policies and Ethics
- Punitive Philosophy, Practices and Critiques
- Reform
- Cultural and Political Context of Prisons
- Historical Development of Prisons
- Evaluation
- Prevalence of Violence against and amongst Incarcerated People
- Prison Subcultural Context of Violence
- Riots
- Violent Institutional Practices and Solitary Confinement
- Incarcerated Family Members
- Prison Families
- Children in Prison
- Prison Visits
- Working and Living in Prisons
- Research in Prisons
- Health and Wellness in Prisons
- Indigenous Peoples in Prisons
- Women's Prisons
- Youth Detention
- Release Criteria
- Risk and Danger Assessment
- Recidivism
- Parole Process and Hearings
- Reintegration and Stigma
- Employment and Community Connections
- Theories, Technques and Pollcies of Correctional Treatment
- Classification of Incarcerated People
- Physical, Mental, and Emotional Health and Well-Being
- Sex Crimes
- Protective Custody, Segregation and Solitary Confinement
- Indigenous Peoples in Prison
- Gender Issues in Prisons
- Protection of Rights
- Correctional Responsibilites
- Abolitionist and Activist Critiques
- Ideological and Ethical Critiques
- Aging Populations in Prison
- Transgender Persons in Prison
- Political Discourse and Punitive Rhetoric
- Privatization, Radicalization, and Economic Inequality
- Other Methods of Social Control
At the conclusion of the course the successful student will be able to:
- Discuss the social and political context that shape correctional policy and practice.
- Discuss the problem of reform in corrections in relation to standards of practice versus the real world of corrections.
- Identify the complexity of ethical decisions in correctional practice.
- Address issues of mental and physical health of incarcerated people, racialization, gender, subcultural group membership, and characteristics of vulnerable populations in prison.
- Explain the meaning of treatment in a correctional setting, current treatment techniques and major issues with treatment in custody.
- Discuss the limitations of predictive judgments regarding dangerous behavior, and the impact of such judgments on correctional practice.
- Analyze contemporary problems surrounding the management of correctional facilities as it relates to institutional violence and abuse, solitary confinement, and workplace safety.
- Critically analyze community corrections, surveying the philosophy and operation of traditional and innovative probation and parole programs, including recent developments in community corrections, such as intermediate sanctions and drug courts.
- Explain the legal rights and obligations of the offender and the State along with methods of enforcing rights and the responsibilities of corrections under law (constitutional, statutory, and regulatory provisions).
- Critically analyze the emerging paradigms that may influence the future of corrections.
- Discuss contemporary challenges in correctional practice and policy, including budgets and privatization, occupational cultures, media coverage, abolitionist critiques and prison activism, and community engagement.
Evaluation will be based on course objectives and carried out in accordance with the Douglas College Evaluation Policy. Evaluation structure may use some of the following methods:
- Short Answer Tests
- Exams
- Oral Presentation
- Research Project/Term Paper
- Class Participation
An example of one possible evaluation scheme would be:
| Mid-Semester Exams (x2) | 50% |
| Final Exam | 20% |
| Research Paper | 30% |
| Total | 100% |
A casebook of selected readings based on current issues will be compiled. Examples of materials are as follows:
Cullen, F. T., & Jonson, C. L. (2016). Correctional theory: Context and consequences. Sage Publications.
Miller, W. R. (2012). The Social History of Crime and Punishment in America: A-De (Vol. 1). Sage.
Zinger, I. (2016). Human rights and federal corrections: A commentary on a decade of tough on crime policies in Canada. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 58(4), 609-627.
Shook, J., & McInnis, B. (2017). More Stormy Weather or Sunny Ways? A Forecast for Change by Prisoners of the Canadian Carceral State. Journal of Prisoners on Prisons, 26, 1-2.
Foucault, M. (1975). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.
Ricciardelli, R. (2016). Canadian prisoners’ perceptions of correctional of?cer orientations to their occupational responsibilities. Journal of Crime and Justice, 39(2), 324-343.
Burdett, F., Gouliquer, L., & Poulin, C. (2018). Culture of Corrections: The Experiences of Women Correctional Officers. Feminist Criminology, 13(3), 329-349.
Maschi, T., Viola, D., & Koskinen, L. (2015). Trauma, stress, and coping among older adults in prison: Towards a human rights and intergenerational family justice action agenda. Traumatology, 21(3), 188.
Razack, S. (2015). Dying from improvement: Inquests and inquiries into Indigenous deaths in custody. University of Toronto Press.
Michalski, J. H. (2015). Status hierarchies and hegemonic masculinity: A general theory of prison violence. British Journal of Criminology, 57(1), 40-60.